Nestled off the western coast of Istria, Brijuni is an enchanting archipelago that entices visitors with its stunning natural beauty, rich history, and captivating stories. From ancient dinosaur footprints to pivotal moments in recent human history, Brijuni offers an unforgettable journey through time that enthralls all who visit.
Dinosaurs of Brijuni: Echoes from a Prehistoric Era
Imagine stepping back 130 million years to a time when majestic dinosaurs roamed the land, leaving indelible marks of their existence behind. Brijuni’s unique geological conditions have remarkably preserved these prehistoric artifacts. Today, you can discover dinosaur footprints at four locations on Veliki Brijuni and on the nearby islands of Vanga, Galija, and Vrsar. Walking alongside these ancient tracks is like peering through a window into a distant, awe-inspiring world.
Echoes of Prehistory: The First Inhabitants of Brijuni
Human presence on the Brijuni Islands dates back to the late Neolithic and early Copper Age. The site at Gromače in Javorika Bay is particularly significant, showcasing notable Eneolithic and early Bronze Age activities. Early inhabitants built semi-subterranean homes from woven branches and clay. With the arrival of Indo-European tribes during the Bronze Age, cultural practices shifted dramatically. Archaeological discoveries reveal three hillforts at Gradina and Straža on Veliki Brijun and Sv. Nikola on Mali Brijun, with Gradina being the most extensively studied. Around 1100 BC, the introduction of iron tools and cremation marked the onset of the Iron Age, transforming the way of life on the islands.
The Rise of Insulae Pullariae: Brijuni Under Roman Rule
Significant transformations began with the arrival of the Histrians in Istria, but the turning point came when the Romans took control in 177 BC. At that time, the large and small Brijuni islands formed a unique archipelago called Insulae Pullariae. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the region was ruled by various powers, including the Ostrogoths and the Byzantines. By the late 4th century, a Roman villa in Dobrika Bay had transformed into a fortified castrum protected by sturdy walls. The 6th century saw the construction of the Basilica of St. Mary and the Church of St. Peter, highlighting the importance of the growing settlement. In 778, Brijuni became part of the Frankish realm, ushering in a feudal social structure that would shape its future.
The Venetian Era: Transformation and Resilience
During the Venetian era, Brijuni underwent dramatic changes. The Benedictines revitalized spiritual life, leading to the emergence of new settlements on the islands despite the ongoing threat of malaria. Under the rule of influential Venetian families, stone masonry flourished, with valuable resources being shipped to Venice and beyond. Despite the challenges posed by plagues and hardships, life in Brijuni continued to evolve, adding layers to its rich and storied history.
Brijuni: A Timeless Tapestry of History and Natural Beauty
From the ancient footsteps of dinosaurs to the complex histories of human civilization, Brijuni is a living museum that showcases the remarkable journey through time. Whether its prehistoric wonders or historical significance draws you, Brijuni is a destination that leaves an indelible mark on all who experience its magic.
Andreja Pruša Horvatić
